What is NOT a personal factor affecting group roles?

Gender expectations play a significant role in shaping societal norms and can influence how individuals perceive their roles within a group; however, they are part of broader societal factors rather than personal factors specific to the individual. Personal factors affecting group roles typically include characteristics inherent to the individual, such as self-esteem, life experiences, and culture.

Self-esteem reflects an individual’s confidence and self-worth, which can directly influence how they interact within a group and the roles they feel capable of assuming. Life experiences encompass the unique experiences an individual has had that shape their perspectives and behaviors in a group context. Culture includes the values, beliefs, and customs that an individual identifies with, which can heavily influence their actions and roles in group dynamics.

In contrast, gender expectations are often societal constructs that dictate how individuals of different genders are expected to behave but do not pertain to the individual’s personal attributes. This distinction clarifies why gender expectations do not fall under personal factors affecting group roles.